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1 Kilby, Jack St Clair
SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology[br]b. 8 November 1923 Jefferson City, Missouri, USA[br]American engineer who filed the first patents for micro-electronic (integrated) circuits.[br]Kilby spent most of his childhood in Great Bend, Kansas, where he often accompanied his father, an electrical power engineer, on his maintenance rounds. Working in the blizzard of 1937, his father borrowed a "ham" radio, and this fired Jack to study for his amateur licence (W9GTY) and to construct his own equipment while still a student at Great Bend High School. In 1941 he entered the University of Illinois, but four months later, after the attack on Pearl Harbor, he was enlisted in the US Army and found himself working in a radio repair workshop in India. When the war ended he returned to his studies, obtaining his BSEE from Illinois in 1947 and his MSEE from the University of Wisconsin. He then joined Centralab, a small electronics firm in Milwaukee owned by Globe-Union. There he filed twelve patents, including some for reduced titanate capacitors and for Steatite-packing of transistors, and developed a transistorized hearing-aid. During this period he also attended a course on transistors at Bell Laboratories. In May 1958, concerned to gain experience in the field of number processing, he joined Texas Instruments in Dallas. Shortly afterwards, while working alone during the factory vacation, he conceived the idea of making monolithic, or integrated, circuits by diffusing impurities into a silicon substrate to create P-N junctions. Within less than a month he had produced a complete oscillator on a chip to prove that the technology was feasible, and the following year at the 1ERE Show he demonstrated a germanium integrated-circuit flip-flop. Initially he was granted a patent for the idea, but eventually, after protracted litigation, priority was awarded to Robert Noyce of Fairchild. In 1965 he was commissioned by Patrick Haggerty, the Chief Executive of Texas Instruments, to make a pocket calculator based on integrated circuits, and on 14 April 1971 the world's first such device, the Pocketronic, was launched onto the market. Costing $150 (and weighing some 2½ lb or 1.1 kg), it was an instant success and in 1972 some 5 million calculators were sold worldwide. He left Texas Instruments in November 1970 to become an independent consultant and inventor, working on, amongst other things, methods of deriving electricity from sunlight.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFranklin Institute Stuart Ballantine Medal 1966. Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers David Sarnoff Award 1966; Cledo Brunetti Award (jointly with Noyce) 1978; Medal of Honour 1986. National Academy of Engineering 1967. National Science Medal 1969. National Inventors Hall of Fame 1982. Honorary DEng Miami 1982, Rochester 1986. Honorary DSc Wisconsin 1988. Distinguished Professor, Texas A \& M University.Bibliography6 February 1959, US patent no. 3,138,743 (the first integrated circuit (IC); initially granted June 1964).US patent no. 3,819,921 (the Pocketronic calculator).Further ReadingT.R.Reid, 1984, Microchip. The Story of a Revolution and the Men Who Made It, London: Pan Books (for the background to the development of the integrated circuit). H.Queisser, 1988, Conquest of the Microchip, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.KF -
2 Electronics and information technology
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Byron, Ada AugustaNapier, JohnRiche, Gaspard-Clair-François-MarieSchickhard, WilhelmBiographical history of technology > Electronics and information technology
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Kilby , Jack St. Clair — (1923–) American electronics engineer The son of an electrical engineer from Jefferson City, Missouri, Kilby failed his entrance to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was drafted into the army, spending most of his time attempting to… … Scientists
Kilby, Jack St. Clair — ▪ 2006 American electronics engineer (b. Nov. 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Mo. d. June 20, 2005, Dallas, Texas), invented the integrated circuit (IC), which allowed the development of the personal computer and the cell phone and was also used… … Universalium
Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) — born Nov. 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Mo., U.S. U.S. inventor. He studied at the University of Wisconsin. In 1958 he joined Texas Instruments; there he built the first integrated circuit, a device in which all of a circuit s components are… … Universalium
Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) — (8 nov. 1923, Jefferson City, Mo., EE.UU.–20 jun. 2005, Dallas). Inventor estadounidense. Estudió en la Universidad de Wisconsin. En 1958 se unió a Texas Instruments; allí construyó el primer circuito integrado, un dispositivo en el cual todos… … Enciclopedia Universal
Jack St. Clair Kilby — (* 8. November 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri; † 20. Juni 2005 in Dallas, Texas) war ein US amerikanischer Ingenieur und Nobelpreisträger. Er gilt als Erfinder der integrierten Schaltung und wird als „Vater des Mikrochips“ bezeichnet.… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Jack St. Clair Kilby — Jack Kilby Jack St. Clair Kilby, (né le 8 novembre 1923 à Jefferson City, dans l État du Missouri et mort le 20 juin 2005, à Dallas au Texas), était un ingénieur électrique américain. Il est surtout connu pour l invention du… … Wikipédia en Français
Kilby, Jack — ▪ American engineer Introduction in full Jack St. Clair Kilby born November 8, 1923, Jefferson City, Missouri, U.S. died June 20, 2005, Dallas, Texas American engineer and one of the inventors of the integrated circuit, a system of… … Universalium
Jack S. Kilby — Jack St. Clair Kilby (* 8. November 1923 in Jefferson City, Missouri; † 20. Juni 2005 in Dallas, Texas) war ein US amerikanischer Ingenieur und Nobelpreisträger. Er gilt als Erfinder der integrierten Schaltung und wird als „Vater des Mikrochips“… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Physiknobelpreis 2000: Schores I. Alferow — Jack St. Clair Kilby — Herbert Kroemer — Kilby legte mit dem integrierten Schaltkreis und Alferow und Kroemer mit dem Hetero Halbleiterlaser wichtige Grundlagen der heutigen Computer und Kommunikationstechnik, dafür erhielten sie den Nobelpreis. Biografien Schores I. Alferow, *… … Universal-Lexikon
Clair — Clair, René * * * (as used in expressions) Clair, René Kilby, Jack (St. Clair) Mitchell, Wesley C(lair) Saint Clair, lago … Enciclopedia Universal
Kilby — I Kilby, Jack St. Clair, US amerikanischer Elektroingenieur, *Jefferson City (Missouri) 8. 11. 1923; Kilby erfand 1958 im Forschungslabor von Texas Instruments unabhängig von Robert Noyce den monolithischen integrierten Schaltkreis (IC, Chip),… … Universal-Lexikon